HAMPSHIRE - CITY OF
WINCHESTER |
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Winchester Cathedral |
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Park in one of the city's long stay car parks about 2/3
mile from the city centre. There is an entrance fee of
£5.00 - which is also the cost of an annual pass. There
is no extra charge for photography. Please note these
charges may now not be the same. The staff are very
friendly and welcoming.
Please note: this is a large page: be patient! The ledger
stones have been moved to another page, see below. |
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Winchester Cathedral - or, more properly, The Cathedral Church of The
Holy Trinity, Saints Peter, Paul and Swithun - is a Cathedral of the
New Foundation; at the Reformation it was a Benedictine Cathedral
Priory. The See was actually founded at Dorchester-on-Thames in 635 but
moved to Winchester in 679. See below
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Some Notes on the Religious Foundations in Winchester |
Around 648 Cynegils, King of Wessex, built a church in
Winchester, which came to be known as The Old Minster. The actual
see was originally founded at Dorchester in Oxfordshire in 635
but was moved to Winchester in 679 when the church became a
Cathedral Church. The Old Minster acted as a burial place for
the Kings of Wessex and Bishops of Winchester. This church was
enlarged by Bishop Athelwold, being rededicated in 980 and again
in 993.
In 1079 Walkelin, the first Norman Bishop of Winchester, began a
new church which was ready for worship in 1093. The Old Minster
was abandoned and demolished, although the bones of the various
kings and bishops were translated to this new church, which
survives in part as the Winchester Cathedral of today. The Old
Minster was situated north of the nave of the present church and
was excavated between 1961 and 1966 by the archaeologist Martin
Biddle; these excavations are described in The Old Minster;
Excavations near Winchester Cathedral 1961 by Martin Biddle
(Winchester 1970).
King Alfred and his Queen founded two monastic churches in
Winchester. Alfred's foundation -
The New Minster - was close to the Old Minster, so close,
in fact, that singing from the one church is said to have
disturbed those in the other and, according to William of
Malmesbury, effected a rivalry which led to 'frequent injuries
on either side'! Alfred's Queen founded the Abbey of St Mary,
usually known as The Nuns' Minster. These two churches were
completed by Alfred's son, King Edward the Elder, and the
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that the New Minster was
consecrated in 903. William of Malmesbury writes that King
Alfred was firstly buried in the Old Minster because the New
Minster was not yet ready at the time of his death. When the New
Minster was completed, Edward removed his father's body for
reburial in the new church. Alfred's Queen, although she died
in the Nuns' Minster, of which she became abbess, was also
buried there. Edward himself was also buried in the New Minster
as was King Edwy at a later time.
And there they remained until William Giffard removed the New
Minster to Hyde - a suburb of Winchester - in 1110 (time of
Henry I). The bodies of Alfred, his Queen and Edward the Elder
were translated to Hyde, being taken in procession by the monks
to their new home - now know as
Hyde Abbey. The New Minster itself was demolished. At
Hyde Abbey they rested in peace in until the Dissolution of the
Monastries when the abbey fell into lay hands, the church was
demolished and the graves lost. The possible sites of the graves
were found in recent excavations but the contents and any
monuments have been lost. Click here
for a fairly light hearted investigation of the whole story
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Lady Chapel |
South-East (Bishop Langdon's Chapel) |

Above: This is a modern stone to
Bishop White (1560).
A coffin was found in this position which was assumed to be his
. He was headmaster of Winchester College, where he prepared a
memorial brass in the chapel, and later Bishop of Winchester
under Mary I. He fell into disfavour under Elizabeth I and was
deprived of his see in 1559, six months before his death.
Right: Bishop Langton
(1500) The Purbeck
Marble tomb chest fills the chapel. The lid has a brass indent.
Arms carved on the chest. He was elected Archbishop of
Canterbury but died of the plague a few days later.
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North-East (Guardian's
Angels') Chapel |
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Bishop Peter
Mews (1706) Fought at Naseby, where he was taken
prisoner. After the Execution of Charles I, retired to Holland
where he acted as Royalist agent. As a reward was awarded many
ecclesiastical preferments. Fought at Sedgemore for James II
where he was wounded and afterwards wore a black patch over his
cheek to hide the scar. Buried in the Earl of Portland's vault.
He is said to have neglected his diocese
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Richard Weston, Lord Portland
(1634) A large
monuments with a bronze effigy by Le Sueur. A minister
of Charles I who eventually became Lord High Treasurer of
England - among many other posts - and a most unpopular man:
the prime agent of iniquity as he was called in the House of
Commons by John Eliot |
Arnold de Gaveston (early 14th C)
This is the front only, showing shields with arms, of a Purbeck
marble tomb chest. The corresponding effigy is in the retrochoir
(qv) |
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Above: Saint Swithun's 'Shrine' The acutal shrine
was destroyed at the Dissolution. This structure, over a
inscription on the floor, is by Brian Thomas & Wilfred
Carpenter Turner 1962 .
Left: Bishop Waynflete's Chantry Chapel. Note
the stone grill effectively closing the chapel off, unlike that
of Cardinal Beaufort.
Right: Cardinal Beaufort's Chantry Chapel. Unlike the
chapel of Bishop Waynflete, this chapel is open.
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Above:
Bishop Waynflete (1486) Chantry Chapel &
Effigy. The effigy was repainted in 1932. Arms but inscription
lost. He was the first provost of Eton, founder of Magdelene
College, Oxford and chanceller under Henry VI |
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Cardinal Beaufort (1477) Chantry Chapel and
Effigy. The rather
crude effigy is 17th century work, possibly being a copy of that
destroyed in 1642 by William Waller's army when the cathedral
was ransacked. Arms but brass inscription lost. Son of John of
Gaunt, half-bother to Henry IV; weathy and more of a statesman
and soldier than an ecclesiastic. Persecuted the Lollards and
took part in the trial of Joan of Arc whose image now looks down
on him! |
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Above:
Bishop Charles Richard Sumner (1874)
cenotaph by Henry Weekes 1876
Left:
Prior William de Basyng (1295)
The slab is carved with a foliated cross and a mitre: a mitred
prior is unusual but the privilage was conferred by Pope
Innocent IV in 1254. Inscription around three sides of the edge
of the lid. See below.
Right: Bishop Godfrey de Lucy
(1204) Plain Purbeck slab but with
matrices of sockets to hold candles. Son of Richard, Chief
Justiciar of Henry I
Other Monuments in this Site
1. large slab with brass matrix of an ecclesiastic, on floor
west of St Swithun's Shrine |
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Inscription on the
William de Basyng Tomb:
HIC JACET WILLELMUS DE BASYNGE QVANDAM PRIOR ISTIVS ECCLESIE
CVJVS ANIME PROPICIETVR DEVS: ET QVI ANIMA EJVS ORAVERIT III
ANNOS C ET XLV DIES INDULGENCIÆ PERCIPIET
(Here lies William de Basinge, formerly Prior of this church, on
whose soul may God have mercy: and whosoever shall pray for his
soul shall obtain an indulgence of three years, one hundred and
forty-five days)
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Note:
The Romanesque apse was demolished in the early 14th century and
the present straight screen constucted, the entrance to the Holy
Hole, under a platform behind the screen, forming a central and
unusual feature. Along the front of the screen is cut an
inscription:
The bodies of saints lie here buried in peace,
From whose merits many miracles shine forth.
A row of canopied niches, which orginally contained statues
removed at the Reformation, can be seen in this screen. Below
these niches are cut a series of names:
Kinegilsus Rex; Sanctus Birinus Episcopus; Kinewaldus Rex;
Egbertus Rex, Adulphus Rex; Eluredus Rex, filius eius; Edwardus
Rex Senior; Adthelstantus Rex, filius eius; Sancta Maria;
Dominus Iesus; Edredus Rex; Edgarus Rex; Emma Regina; Alwinus
Episcopus; Ethelredus Rex; Sanctus Edwardus Rex, filius eius;
Cnutus Rex; Hardecnutus Rex, filius eius.
It is said that these statuettes were probably intended to
commemorate the kings and bishops whose bones originally lay in
chests on the platform above but are now in the mortuary chests.
However it includes some who were certainly not buried at
Winchester and well as Jesus and the Virgin Mary. It thus may be
intended as a display statues of preconquest kings and others
not at all related to burials |
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Torso of bishop or prior 13th century |
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Arnold de Gaveston (early 14th C).
Father of Piers Gaveston, favourite of Edward II. Effigy only
lying on a modern tomb chest. A panel of the original tomb chest
is now in the North-East Chapel.
Note tha 'ailettes' (Fr. 'little wings') visible between the
upper part of the arm and knee of the damaged angel in the above
photographs. These appear between 1290 and 1325 and are quite
rare on effigies. They are rectangular, flat or slightly curved
structures made of either boiled leather or wood. They may serve
to protect the shoulders or be a purely heraldic device. |
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Sir John Clobery MP (1687)
Alabaster by
Sir
William Wilson. His stone is lost but those of his
children remain and are listed in this section. |
William Walker
(1918) The famous Diver of Winchester
Cathedral. The bronze in the centre has been in the Cathedral for
over 25 years; that to the right was recently donated by a
visitor as a more accurate portrait taken from his photographs.
The bust on the left - a very accurate representation - is in
the grounds |
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These chests are on the top of the choir
screens, three to the north and three to the south. I
have described them as a plan with east upwards.
In this section I have dealt with what can be seen; click
here for further
information about them. Below are photographs of the
chests with an attempted transcription of the
inscriptions and their translation. Notes the the letter
N has been reversed on the eastern and central chests
but not in the later western ones. Note also the various
attempts to include all the inscriptions. I have used
the spellings of the Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Danish names
as they appear in The Handbook of British Chronology.
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NORTH SIDE - EAST CHEST |
SOUTH SIDE - EAST CHEST |
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Choir Side
REX·KYNGILS·OBIIT ·A°· DM
641
(King Cynegils died A.D.
641)
KYNGILSI IN CISTA HAC
SIMVL
OSSA IACENT ET ADVLPHI
IPSVS
FVNDATOR HIC BENEFACTOR
ERAT
(The bones
of Cynegils and
Æthelwulf lie together in this
chest - the former was the founder, the latter
was the benefactor of this church.) |
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Choir Side
EDMVDUS·REX·OBIIT·A°·DM
QVE·THECAHEC·RETINET·
EDMVDV·SVSC
IPE·CHRISTE·QVI·VIVENTE·
PATRE
SCEPTRA·TVLIT·
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Aisle Side
ADVLPHVS·R OBIT A· DM 857
(King Ethelwolf died A.D
857)
KYNGILSI IN CISTA HAC
SIMOL
OSSO IACENT ET ADVLPHI
IPSIVS
FVNDATOR HIC BENEFACTOR
ERAT
(The bones
of Cynegils and
Æthelwulf lie together in this
chest - the former was the founder, the latter
was the benefactor of this church.) |
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Aisle Side
EDMVDUS·REX·OBIIT·A°·DM
(King Edmund
died AD
____ )
QVE·THECA·HEC·RETINET·
EDMVNDV·SVSCIPE·CHRISTE·
QVI·VIVENTE·PATRE·REGIA·
SCEPTRA·TVLIT·
(Him who
this chest contains and who swayed the royal
scepter while his father was yet living, do
thou, O Christ, receive.) |
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NORTH SIDE - CENTRAL
CHEST |
SOUTH SIDE - CENTRAL
CHEST |
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Choir
Side
EGBERTVS REX
OBIT·AM. 837
(King Ecgberht
died A.D 837)
HIC·REX·EGBERTVS·PAV
SAT·CV·REGE·KENVLPHO
NOBIS·EGREGIA·MVNERA·VIO·TVLIT
( Here
King Ecgberht rests, together with King
Cenwealh. Each of them bestowed great
wealth upon us) |
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Choir
Side
EDREDVS·REX·OBIIT·A°·DM ·9·5·5·
(King Eadred died
AD 955)
HOC·PIVS
IN·TVMVLO·REX·EDRED
REQVIESCIT·QVI·HAS·BRITON
VM ·TERRAS·REXERIT
·EGREGIE
(The pious King
Edred rests in this tomb who admirablly
governed this country of the Britons) |
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Aisle Side
KENVLPHVS·REX·OBIT·Aº·DM·714
(King
Cynewulf died A D 714)
HIC·REX· EGBERTVS
PAVSAT·CV· REGE·KENVLPHO·NOBIS· EGRE
GIA·MVNERA·VIERO·TVLIT·
( Here
King Ecgberht rests, together with King
Cenwealh. Each of them bestowed great
wealth upon us) |
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Aisle Side
EDREDVS·REX
OBIIT·A°·DM·9·5·5·
(King Edred died
AD 955)
HOC·PIVS·IN·TVMVLO·REX
·EDRED REQVIESCIT·
QVI·HAS·BRITONVM
TERRAS·
REXERIT·EGREGIE
(The pious King
Edred rests in this tomb who admirablly
governed this country of the Britons)
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NORTH SIDE - WEST CHEST |
SOUTH SIDE - WEST CHEST |
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Choir Side
IN HAC ET ALTERA E REGIONE
CISTA RELIQVIÆ SVNT OSSIUM
CANVTI ET RVFI REGV
EMMÆ
REGINÆ WINA ET ALWINI EPORVM
(In this chest and in that
opposite to it on the other side are the remains
of Cnut and of Rufus, Kings, Emma, Queen; and of
Wine and Ælfwine, Bishops. ) |
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Choir Side
IN HAC ET ALTERA E REGIONE
CISTA RELIQVIÆ SVNT OSSIUM
CANVTI ET RVFI REGV EMMÆ
REGINÆ WINA ET ALWINI EPORVM
(In this chest and in
that opposite to it on the other side are the
remains of Cnut and of Rufus, Kings, Emma,
Queen; and of Wine and Ælfwine, Bishops. )
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Aisle Side
HAC EN CISTA A·Dº1661
PROMIS
CVE RECONDITA SVNT OSSA
PRIN CIPVM ET PRÆTATOVM SACRILE GA BARBARI
DISPERS AºD 1642
(In this chest A.D. 1661 were
promiscuously laid together the bones of princes
and prelates, which had been scattered about by
sacriligious barbarism in the year 1642)
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Aisle Side
HAC IN CISTA A·D 1661º
PROMISCVE RECONDITA SVNT
OSSA PRINCIPVM ET PRÆTATO RVM SACRILE
GA BARBARI
DISPERSA AºD 1642
In this chest A.D. 1661
were promiscuously laid together the bones of
princes and prelates, which had been scattered
about by sacriligious barbarism in the year 1642) |
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The 'King
Edmund' Stone |
The 'William
Rufus' Tomb |
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Not in situ; this stone is
now set in the stone seating below the screen on
the south side of the choir. It is the
approximate length of a grave slab. Click
here for further information about this
stone. The insciption can just be made out in
the photograph:
HIC IACET EDMUNDUS REX EÞELREDI REGIS FILIUS
(Here lies King Edmund, son of King Ethelred) |
This well known tomb with the Purbeck marble
lid is traditionally said to be that of King
William ('Rufus') II, who was accidentally
killed while hunting in the New Forest. He was
buried under the tower which promptly collapsed:
an act of divine wrath directed against the
king, or at least the wrath of the monastic
chroniclers! The tomb has been moved and opened
on several occasions. There are varying accounts
of its contents but it is now considered to be
more likely
that of Bishop Henry de Blois.
William Rufus's bones may well be in one of the mortuary chests. |
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Bishop Fox's Chantry
and Bishop Gardener's Chantry |
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Left & Above Top:
Richard Fox ( 1528). Secretary to
Henry VII & Henry VIII. Founder of Corpus Christi
College, Oxford. Builder of screen and choir aisles.
Grave excavated in 1820 when his coffin containing
inscription on vellum found. Corpse effigy.
Right & Above Bottom:
Stephen Gardener (1555)
Chancellor of Queen Mary I and known as the 'Hammer of
the Heretics'. Note how his corpse effigy has suffered
much damage compared with that of Bishop Fox. |
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Medieval Bishops |
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Bishop Courtenay (1492) He was originally buried in
the North East Chapel but his lead coffin was removed
and placed in the crypt when this chapel became the
Weston burial place (time: Charles I). Moved to present
position by Dean Kitchen when the tomb chest was
constructed; the lid with its matrix of a large
cross is 15th century |
Bishop John of Pontoise (1304)
The
tomb passes through the screen and appears in the aisle,
where there is an inscription. (see below) The main part
of the tomb chest is c 1525 but the lid and base are
early 14th century.
See below for other side |
Bishop Richard Toclyve (1189). This
tomb chest is let into the choir screen and dates from
about 1525. This inscription reads:
PRÆSULIS EGREGII PAUSANT RICARDI TOCLYVE CUI SUMMI
GAUDIA SUNTO POLI
(Here rest the remains of good Bishop Toclyve; may he
enjoy the bliss of heaven) |
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King Hardicanute (1042)
QVI IACET HIC
REGNI SCEPTRVM TVIIT
HARDICANVTVS
EMMÆ CNVTONIS
GNATVS & IPSE FVIT
OBIIT. A. D. J042
(He who lies here, by name Hardicanute, bore the sceptre of
the kingdom, being the son of Emma and Canute. He died AD
1042 |
Bishop Bishop Audemar, Aymer or Ethelmar de
Valance (1260)
CORPUS ETHELMARI CVIVS COR NUNC TENET ISTVD SAXVM PARISIIS
MORTE DATVR TVMVLO OBIIT A.D. J26J
(The body of Ethelmar, whose heart this stone now contains,
died and was entombed in Paris. He died AD 1261)
This is presumably the original site of the heart burial
recorded by Fox. The Bishop was highly unpopular and was
lavished with preferements by Henry III. He election - at
twenty-three - to Winchester was forced on the monks by the
King. He was eventually consecrated in 1260 - having been
ordained priest the day before - but died soon afterwards. |
Bishop John of Pontoise (1304)
DEFVNCTI CORPVS
TVMVLVS TENET ISTE
JOANNIS POINTES
WINTONIÆ PRÆSVLIS
EXIMII. OBIT 1304
(This tomb contains the body of John Pointes, an excellent
bishop of Winchester, who died 1304)
This is the other side of the tomb - see above |
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South Choir Aisle |
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Prince William, Son of William the Conqueror
He was accidentally killed while
hunting in the New Forest. The original coffin with inscription
can just be seen:
HIC JACET RICHARDUS WILLHELMI SENIORIS REGIS FILLI ET BEORN
DUX
(Here lies Richard, son of King William the Elder and Duke
of Beornia)
On the wall above:
INTVS EST CORPVS RICHARI WILLHELMI CONQVESTORIS FILII ET
BEORNÆ DUC
(Within this wall is the body of Richard, son of William the
Conqueror and Duke of Beornia. |
Bishop Nicholas (1280)
INTVS EST COR NOCHOLAI OLIII WINTON
EPISCOPI CVIVS CORPVS EST APUD WAVARLEI
(Within this wall is the heart of Nicholas, late Bishop of
Winchester, whose body lies at Waverely) |
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North Transept |

General Sir
Redvers Buller VC (1908) Cenotaph with bronze
effigy by Sir Bernard Mackennal 1910. See the
Devon pages for wall monuments in Exeter and Crediton and the
General's grave in Crediton.
Far Right:
Prebendary Frederick Iremonger
(1820) Cenotaph by
Chantrey. Inscription
by Dean Rennell. Buried at Wherwell. Educationalist
and man of compassion; he died at 39.
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Above: Purbeck marble coffin lid with foliated
cross said to be that of
Prior Roger of Normandy (early 13th century)
Right:
Canon Bertram Kier Cunningham
(1944) Wood by
Alan Durst. Behind tablet
to
Mary Pescod (1732) (East Aisle)
Unfortunately part of this area was roped off for safety reasons
and I was unable to photograph the monuments there. I will
complete this on my next visit. |
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Bishop Samuel
Wilberforce (1873)
Monument designed by Sir G
G Scott; sculpted by
H H Armstead 1878.
Son of the anti-slavery campaigner . Known as 'Soapy
Sam' and who, according to Disraeli, ...'is more
odious...than Archbishop Laud.' He died in a riding
accident and was buried in Lavington church yard. |
Colonel Guy Baring
(killed in action, Somme
1916) |
Colonel Lacy W Yeo
& Others (1854-5)
All killed in action, died of wounds or disease in the
Crimea Campaign. |
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Bishop
William of Eddington (1366)
Alabaster effigy & chapel from nave and
south transept. Purbeck marble tomb chest.
Note the fylfot - an ancient symbol
(borrowed by Nazi Germany as the swastika) - pattern and
inscription on amice and maniple. Arms. His
hands, now damaged, are in benediction not
in prayer. Chancellor under Edward III. He
was elected Archbishop of Canterbury but
declined and died shortly afterwards
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Bishop
William of Wykeham (1404)
Effigy and tomb chest of alabaster. Chantrey
chapel from nave. Inscription of brass on
the chamfer. Arms Restored 1894-97.
Chancellor under Edward III. Opponent of
John Wycliffe. He remodelled the nave
transforming Walkelin's Norman nave to the
Perpendicular style. Founder of Winchester
College and New College Oxford. |
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Bishop
Harold Browne (1891)
Cenotaph designed by
Bodley & Garner,
executed by
Farmer & Brindley.
Buried at Westland, near Southhampton |
Bishop
William Hoadley (1761)
A controversial, able and sincere man; he
appointed prebendaries who were likewise
able not just those who were well connected.
Called by his opponents 'the greatest
dissenter that ever held preferement in the
church' & 'a vile republican'. |
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Top:
Thomas Woods Knollys, assumed Earl of
Banbury (1792)
Borrom:
James Lampard (1859), Chapter Clerk.
His nephew, the latter's son and then his
son, who also became chapter clerks. |
Top :
Archdeacon Dr Thomas Balguy (1795) He
declined the offer of the bishopric of Gloucester in
1781 on the grounds of ill-health.
Bottom : Lt Athur Francis Maine
(1854) Died of dysentry in trenches at
Sebastopol (Crimean War) |
Top :
John (1724) & Deborah (1744 ) Pentone
Bottom:
Lt William
Carmichael (1881) & Selina Forrest . Killed
by the explosion of his ship's magazine and its
subsequent foundering; his body was recovered and
buried at Sandy Point |
Top: Sir Roundell Palmer, 1st Earl
of Selbourne (1895) He served two terms of
Lord Chancellor (hence the wig) under
Gladstone. Buried at Selbourne. By F W
Pomeroy
Bottom:
Sir
Henry Myers Elliot (1833) Indian Civil
Service |
Mr William
John Wickham FRCS (1864)
Surgeon at Hants County Hospital for 40
years. White marble by
R C Lucas |
Top:
John Dolbel Le Couteur (1925).
Middle:
Canon John Vaughan MA Canon of
Wincheser 1909-22. He wrote the standard work:
Winchester Cathedral: Its Monuments and Memorials
(much consulted in preparing this page!) among
others. Note the delightful plants and birds carved
in low relief.
Bottom: Below the the cartouche (see below) is
this small marble stone marking his grave:
Hic Sepultus est
Gulielmus Harris S.TP. |
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Please Note: The photographs above
were taken several years ago with an old digital camera and,
although I have attempted to edit them some are still
unsatisfactory. I now have new equipment and hope to return to
Winchester to retake most, if not all, of the photographs. My
idea was to include all the monuments in the cathedral but there
are several that I failed to record because they were either
inaccessible being roped off, hopefully temporarily, blocked by
chairs and other items or simply overlooked. Hopefully I can
remedy this in the future.
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