 |
 |
Durham Cathedral |
 |
 |
The see of Durham was founded at Lindisfarne
in 635, moved to Chester-le-Street in 883, and finally to Durham
in 997.
Durham is a Cathedral of the New Foundation, in the
sense that before the Reformation it was a Benedictine
Cathedral Priory being staffed by a prior and monks. At the
Reformation it was refounded as a secular cathedral being
staffed by a dean and canons |
Durham Cathedral is properly known as The
Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Virgin Mary at Durham |
Please note: I have normally in the past divided a cathedral
into sections (transepts, choir etc) and listed the monuments in
their correct places but I was
unable to correlate them in every case with the entries for the
Cathedral in Pevsner's Buildings of England, County Durham,
which is selective in listing monuments. I have - for the
time being - listed some monuments in a Locations not Found
section. There are also other monuments which will be
included later. |
The Galilee
Chapel |
Also known as the Galilee Porch |
The Venerable Bede
|
|
 |
Bede (672/3-735)
was a Benedictine monk at the monastery at Jarrow, then
in the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Northumbria, but he also travelled
to other monasteries over the British Isles. He was an author,
teacher and scholar, his most famous work being The
Ecclesiastical History of the English People, which is still
in print today, even available as an e-book! Bede died at his monastery at
Jarrow and was buried there but his bones were moved to
Durham in 1020 and initially buried in the tomb of St Cuthbert
of Lindisfarne. They were later moved to a shrine in the Galilee
Chapel, which was destroyed at the Restoration, although his
bones were reburied in this chapel in the ground; they were exhumed in 1831 and reburied in the tomb shown above.
Pevsner in The Buildings of England: County Durham
makes one of his all too frequent vague statements about the slab and its inscription on this tomb. The following from the
Victoria County History: Durham would seem to be the most
accurate explanation. After the shrine was demolished and Bede's
bones reburied in the Galilee Chapel, as mentioned above, a blue
marble slab - with no inscription - was placed above the burial
site in 1542. John Cosin (1594-1672), previously a canon of the
cathedral and who was Bishop of Durham
from 1660 until his death, composed an epitaph which was
hung over the grave; the original itself no longer exists but
there is a copy in the Cathedral library. When Bede's bones were
exhumed in 1831, again as mentioned above, the last two lines of
Cosin's epitaph were cut into the slab:
HAC SVNT IN FOSSA BӔDӔ
VENERABILIS OSSA
Here are buried the bones of the Venerable Bede |
So the slab we see today dates from the mid 16th century but the
inscription, although composed earlier, is Victorian.
|
Right bottom: In the
back ground is the tomb
Bishop Thomas Langley (c. 1363 - 1437). He was
elected Bishop of Durham in 1406, a position he held until
his death; he may be considered as much a politician, for
example, holding the post of Lord Chancellor twice, as a
high ranking churchman. The link gives a short but
interesting biography. His large tomb (a little
foreshortened in the photograph) is quite plain but has
steps on either side leading to an altar. When built
the whole structure blocked the Great West door but doors
on either side of the tomb were cut through in the mid 19th
century. In the middle ground is the ledger stone of Dorothy Grey (1660),
which may be seen more clearly in the photograph above. In
the fore ground is a wooden carving of The Annunciation by
Polish sculptor, Jósef Pyrz.
Also: Dean Allington (1955) no
illustration available
|

 |
Meaning of Venerable |
The word venerable has three fairly
distinct meanings:
1. Referring to a person who has earned much respect, especially
because of age, wisdom, or character. The related verb is to
venerate.
2. In the Anglican Church it is a title given to a archdeacon.
An archdeacon is a post rather than an order: an archdeacon must
be an ordained priest.
3. In the Roman Catholic Church it is a title given to a worthy dead
person who has not (yet) achieved beatification or
sainthood.
In the case of Bede, definition 1 or 3 would seem to apply. |
 |
The Nevilles, Barons of Raby |
In 1417 the Nevilles were granted permission
to build a chantry chapel between two bays near the east end of
South Aisle. Some parts of this structure now remain, although
the tombs have now been displaced
It contained tombs of Ralph, 2nd Baron Neville of Raby & Alice,
and that of his son, John, 3rd Baron Neville of Raby & Maud |
 |
Ralph, 2nd Baron Neville of
Raby (1367) and his wife, Alice de Audley
(1358) |

The Battle of Neville's Cross (17th October 1346) was a
battle in the
Second Scots War of Independence |
 |
The tomb above of alabaster, now very
mutilated, is now situated between the pillars of
the second arch of the south arcade of the nave.
King Philip VI (of Valois), the French King had asked King David
II of Scotland to fulfill the terms of the
Auld Alliance and
invade England in order that English
troops would be fighting on two fronts so weakening the English
army in the Hundred Years War. King David obliged and ravaged
the north of England for several weeks. However his army of
12,000 men was caught by surprise at Neville's Cross within
site of the Cathedral. Ralph Neville was the leader of the
English forces, which numbered half that of the Scots. The Scots were
decidedly beaten with many of their leaders killed or taken
prisoner - the latter included David II, himself.
The battle was near an old Anglo-Saxon cross which Ralph Neville
rebuilt in thanks for the victory |
 |
|
John, 3rd Baron
Neville of Raby (1388) and his wife Maud Percy
before 1379) |
|

This tomb is also of alabaster but,
although the tomb chest is reasonably well preserved, the
effigies are very mutilated. It is situated between the pillars of the
third bar. |
John Neville was, like is father,
a soldier, being a captain under his father at the Battle of
Neville's Cross. He fought in Aquitaine during the Hundred Years
War. After the death of his first wife, Maud, he married
Elizabeth Latimer. |
The First Baron Neville of Raby
(Ralph's father) was Ranulph Neville (1262-1331) (buried
at Coverham Abbey, North Riding of Yorkshire) and the
Fourth Baron (John's son) was Ralph,
who was created the
First Earl of Westmoreland (see Staindrop below for
his monument) |
 |
 |
James Britton (1836) by
Charles Smith (1839)
Master of Durham College & Professor of Holy Theology |
The Miners' Memorial
By Donald McIntyre (1947) Made of four cherubs
from Bishop Cosin's screen and fragments from an altar which was
used as an overmantle at Ramside Hall |
Other
Monuments |
Sir George
Wheeler (1724) Standing wall monument with bust |
|
North Transept- East Aisle |
South Transept |
Matthew Woodifield (1826)
Grecian with aedicule in white marble |
|
 |
Bishop Shute
Barrington (1826)
For 35 years Bishop of Durham
Marble by Chantrey (1830) |
|
Bishop Thomas
Hatfield (1381) |
 |
Thomas Hatfield was Bishop of
Durham from 1341 until his death. He was the last
of the warrior bishops and fought in King
Edward's division and the Battle of Crécy in
1346.
Hatfield College of the University of Durham is
named after him. |
 |
 |
The Bishop built a deep arch
over his tomb Above on a platform accessed
by a single flight of steps on which he also built a new
bishops' throne. His effigy is of alabaster.
Must of the painting and gilding was done in
the 1930's but some of the original does remain.
The photographs are taken from the choir and
from the choir aisles.
|
 |

Bishop Lightfoot
(1889) White marble effigy by Sir E
Boehm |
Above:
Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquis of
Londonderry (1915). Conservative
politician; and his wife, Lady Theresa
Susan Helen Chetwynd-Talbot (1919).
Both were opposed to Irish Home Rule. Bronze by
Tweed |
Also: Bishop
Beaumont (1333) This a stone with a brass
matrix in front of the sanctuary steps; it does contain
a brass but this dates from 1951. This is said to be a
copy in which case an illustration of the original must
exist.
|
 |
 |
St Cuthbert
(c. 634-687)
was an Anglo-Saxon saint in the Celtic
Christian tradition,
who was born and lived in the
Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria.
He travelled throughout the country
but in in 676 'retired' for a contemplative life,
becoming a hermit
in a number of islands off the
Northumbrian coast.
After the
Synod of Whitby he appeared to have accepted
the Roman Christian tradition.
In 684 he was elected Bishop of Hexham
and,
although he was reluctant to accept,
was eventually persuaded to do so. However his
'swapped' the bishopric with that of
Lindisfarme and became bishop there.
After Christmas 686 he retired a second
time to his remote cell and died there in the
following spring. He was buried at Lindisfarne.
To avoid
the marauding Danes, his remains were
removed and eventually found their way to
Durham, where the Cathedral Priory was founded.
He was in due course buried in a shrine which
was destroyed at the Dissolution but his remains were
not destroyed but buried under the stone we see
today. The tester over the tomb is from 1949
and by Sir Ninian Comper. The head of
St Oswald is also buried in the grave.
|
Who Was Saint Oswald |
Oswald was a Northumbrian king who, after a
period of exile, reunited the separated kingdoms
of Bernicia and Deira into Northumbria once
again. He promoted Christianity throughout his
kingdom. He was killed in 642 at the
Battle of Maserfield by the pagan, warrior
King Penda of Mercia. His body was
dismembered after the battle.
Maserfield in thought to be the modern Oswestry,
which was then in Mercian territory, so this war
of the two Anglo-Saxon kingdoms may well have
been an offensive war of King Oswald, rather
than a defensive one as is liked to be thought.
His brother, and successor, Oswiu gathered his
remains, which appear to have travelled around,
various bones resting in several places;
however, his head was buried in Durham in the
same grave as St Cuthbert. Incidentally King
Penda was in due course killed in battle by the
aforementioned King Oswiu.
|
|
Chapel of the Nine Altars |
 |
 |
The Rt Rev
David Jenkins |
Few bishops
really make their mark in modern
times but Bishop
of Durham, David Jenkins was a 20th
century exception. He was Professor of
Theology at the University of Leeds from
1957 until 1984 when he became Bishop of
Durham. His selection was controversial
because of his alleged heterodoxy. He
was said not to believe in the Virgin
Birth nor in the Resurrection. However
the latter was certainly a
misrepresentation of what he
actually said, being only a part of
a whole which in full said nothing of the
sort.
Three days after his consecration as
Bishop of Durham, York Minster was
struck by lightening and a major fire
ensued causing much damage. Some
considered this a sign of Divine
Displeasure. However note that it
was York Minster not Durham Cathedral.
He was a man who was never afraid to
speak his mind and was a strong
opponent of the policies of Thatcher and
New Labour with their dogmatic faith in
the economics of The Market, which he
felt had an almost religious fanaticism.
After his retirement he became an
honorary Assistant Bishop of Ripon and
it is reported that he was banned from
preaching in several of his churches
because he was alleged to have sworn
during a sermon.
He wrote a number of accessible books so
his thoughts are still available to all.
We need more like him. |
|
 |
 |
Bishop David Jenkins
(2016)
and his wife, Mollie (Peet)
(2008) |
Sarah Prosser (Wegg)
(1824) |
Richard Samuel
Prosser (1809)
Aged 12
Son of Sarah and Richard Prosser DD |
John Herbert Severn
Wild (1992)
Master of University College, Oxford
1945-1951
Dean of Durham 1951-1973
and his wife Margaret (2008) |
 |

|
 |
 |
 |
Right:
Bishop Richard de
Bury (1287-1345)
Bishop from 1333. Originally a brass
with an image of the Bishop covered his grave.
This was destroyed in the Civil Wars; the above
slab in low relief is a modern replacement.
Then above from right to left: 1)
Left
Emily F G Cardigan (c. 1830)
Aged 5. By Benjamin Gott.
Right: Hon & Rev Gerald
Valerian Wellesley DD (1843) Prebendary of the Cathedral & Rector of
Bishop Wearmouth. Buried with two of his infant grandchildren
2) Robert
Thornton AM (1695) 3) Cross slabs: hardly in situ
4) The Hon and
Rev Spencer Cowper DD (1774)
Made Dean in 1764
(Youngest son of the Lord Chancellor).
Note: there are a number of tablets set
against the blind arcading, some following the
line of the trefoil arch |
Other Monuments |
Major Edward Freeman Edward (187-);
Anonetta Maria Sumner (1832); Rev John Edward
(1882) Canon of the Cathedral and
Professor of Greek at the University. He was the
father of the first named.
Elizabeth Townsend (Tyler) (1840)
wife of Rev George MA. Prebendary;
Rev James Frederick Townsend BA (1844)
of University College, Oxford; Rev
George Townsend DD (1861) Canon of the
Cathedral. Father of the Rev James. Note that
the Rev George gained a Doctor of Divinity
sometimes after the death of his wife, having
previously held a Master of Arts. He is also
described as a prebendary on his wife's
inscription but a canon on his own; the
former office may have been abolished in the
meantime.
Note the above two tablets follow the line
of the trefoil arch as the one shown above and
like the latter have small crosses in relief
above the lettering. The following tablets sit
in the arcading without following the trefoil
shape:
The Venerable Rainols Gideon Bouyer
LLB (1826) Archdeacon of Northumberland
and Vicar of Northallerton. Rectangular white
tablet with small upper stage. Latin text. Badge
above
Henry Charles, 4th Earl Cadogan (1873)
and his wife, Mary Sarah
(Wellesley) (1873). Also the latter's
sister, Emily Anne Charlotte Liddell
(Wellesley) (1876) White pointed
elliptical tablet, long axis vertical, with four
pointed protuberances.
Georgiana Henrietta Quintin (Wellesley)
(1879) White pointed elliptical tablet,
long axis vertical
Elizabeth Bright (1799) Oval
white tablet with long axis vertical
George Isaac Mowbray (1823)
White rectangular tablet on gray base. White
cornice and band separating the gray apron. On
which coat of arms
Elizabeth Mowbray (Gray) (1823)
Wife of the above; she died a few weeks before
her husband. Identical design to the above but
floral design on the apron.
Bishop William Van Mildert (1836) White
seated statue on circular base. By John
Gibson. He was descended from an
Amersterdam merchant who had moved to England:
his father was a gin distiller. He was the last
of the Prince-Bishops of Durham (1826-36),
this double authority being abolished by act of
parliament, although the secular powers had
already faded into obscurity. He was one of the
founders of the University of Durham, where a
college is named after him.
|
|

 |
 |
 |

 |
Above top:
Canon
Arthur Blackwell Gouldburn
Lillington (1943)
Above bottom:
Samuel, Christopher,
and
Samuel Messiter Roelandson.
Agent to the Dean and Chapter 1829-31
 |
Canon Richard Graham (1705)
Latin text. |
George Hank Hamilton (1905)
Archdeacon of Northumberland & Canon of
Durham 1882-1905. Formerly Archdeacon of Lindisfarne and
Vicar of Eglingham |
Above top: This
is a modern tablet to Prior John Washington (1416-1446)
'Remember in these cloisters which were finished in
his day ...John Washington ...whose family has won an
everlasting fame in lands unkown to him
Above bottom:
Henry Holden STP (1909) Honorary Canon |

Above: Sir Herbert Conyers
Surtees Kt CB CMG DSO MVO DL JP FSA (1933)
Left:
John Meade Falkner (1932)
Lecturer at Durham University. Latin Text. |

Above: Philip Armes Mus Doc
Oxon (1908) For 40 years Cathedral organist and
Professor of Music, University of Durham.
|
Other
Monuments |
Thomas
Sharp DD (1758) Seventh son of John. Archbishop
of York. Prebendary of the Cathedrals of York and Durham
and the Collegiate Church of Southwell; Archdeacon of
Northumberland, and Rector of Rothbury. 'He was the
father of numerous offspring'. John Sharp (1792),
Eldest son of Thomas. Prebendary of Durham Cathedral,
Archdeacon of Northumberland, Vicar of Hartburn,
and Perpetual Curate of Bamburg. Also Judith
Sharp (Wheler) (1757), wife of Thomas. Also
Mary Sharp (Dering) (1798) wife of John
Sharp. Also Anne Jemima Sharp (1816),
daughter of John Sharp
The Venerable Charles Thorpe STP (1869)
Archdeacon of Durham and Canon of the Cathedral. Long
narrow brass |
|
Locations not yet Recorded |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Left:
Joseph Butler (1752) Bishop of
Durham 1692-1752
Above from left to right:
1) Cpt Francis Baker RN
(1823) 2) Officers of the 68th (The Durham) Light
Infantry. Mjr Heneage Griffith Wynne;
Cpt Richard Lloyd Edwards; Lt Frederick Grote
Barker; Lt James Marshall;
Assistant Surgeon John Francis O'Leary, who were KIA in
the Crimea. Lt Col Harry Smyth, who DOW
received in action at Scutari; Lt Harry Edmund Smyth,
who died of fever in the Crimea. Captain Thomas Whitmore
Storer; Paymaster William Hadley;
Assistant Surgeon Alexander Johnston, who were
invalide from the Crimea and died shortly afterwards. And of, 6
Serjeants, 13 Corporals, 4 Buglers, and 235 Privates of the
Regiment, who were KIA, DOW or died of disease in the East
during the Russian War 1854,55,56. 3) A wooden board below
the above tells us that 'the shield bearing the arms (?) of St
Cuthbert were restored and replaced in memory of Dawson
Dawson-Walker Canon and Professor of Divinity
1919-1934.' 4) Conrad Williameden
Master of the Choristers and Organist 1936-1974. 5)
Arnold Duncan Culley Minor Canon and Precentor
1906-1932. Organist and Master of the Choristers 1907-1923.
6) Memorial to 'those of number 607 County of Durham Fighter
Squadron AAF who gave their lives in the war of 1939-45'.
7) Elozabeth Woodifield (1831) Beolow is a
'tag' with Davies Sculptor Newcastle
|
Other Monuments |
Lt Charles Duncome Shafto (1910)
1st Batt Durham Light Infantry. KIA Vaal Krantz, Natal.
'erected by his brother officers'. Brass with military badge
The millenium windows mark the founding of the Diocese of Durham
995 and were given in memory of Robert Tobias Binks
(1950) and his wife, Jan Watson (1934).
Wooden tablet below the wooden tablet referred to in
the monument 3) directly above. |
|
|